As people age, it is common for them to face various health challenges, one of which is Alzheimer’s disease. This degenerative brain disorder affects memory, cognitive abilities, and behavior. As the disease progresses, it can also impact a person’s ability to chew and swallow food. This can be a challenging and distressing situation for both the person with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers. However, there are ways to help alleviate this difficulty and ensure that the individual gets proper nutrition. In this article, we will discuss how to help a person with Alzheimer’s chew and swallow food.
Understanding the Challenges
Before we dive into the strategies, it is essential to understand the challenges that people with Alzheimer’s may face when it comes to eating. The disease affects the part of the brain that controls motor skills and coordination, making it difficult for them to use utensils or move food around in their mouth. Additionally, they may struggle with recognizing food, remembering how to chew and swallow, or feeling full even when they have not eaten enough. These challenges can lead to frustration, confusion, and a lack of interest in eating.
Make Mealtimes Calm and Comfortable
Creating a calm and comfortable environment during mealtimes can make a significant difference in helping a person with Alzheimer’s chew and swallow food. Avoid distractions such as loud noises, bright lights, or clutter on the table. Set the table with familiar utensils and dishes, and use a tablecloth in a solid color to help distinguish the food from the background. It may also help to play soft music or have a conversation about familiar topics to create a relaxed atmosphere.
Encourage Independence
Although it may be tempting to assist the person with Alzheimer’s in every aspect of their meal, it is important to encourage independence as much as possible. This helps them maintain a sense of dignity and control over their eating habits. Allow them to choose what they want to eat from a few options, and let them feed themselves if they are able to. If they need assistance, provide it discreetly and without drawing attention to their difficulties.
Modify the Food
Modifying the food can make it easier for a person with Alzheimer’s to chew and swallow. Start by cutting food into small, bite-sized pieces, and avoid serving foods that are hard or tough to chew. Soft and moist foods like mashed potatoes, steamed vegetables, and yogurt are easier to eat. You can also try pureeing food if chewing and swallowing become particularly challenging.
Encourage Slow and Small Bites
People with Alzheimer’s may struggle with pacing themselves while eating, which can result in choking or overeating. Encourage them to take smaller bites and chew slowly. You can also use verbal cues such as “bite, chew, swallow” to help them remember the process.
Use Adaptive Devices
Adaptive devices can be helpful in aiding a person with Alzheimer’s in chewing and swallowing their food. These devices include specially designed utensils, plates with raised edges, and cups with lids and straws. These tools can make it easier for the person to grasp, scoop, or contain food while eating.
Monitor Fluid Intake
Dehydration is a common concern for people with Alzheimer’s, as they may forget to drink water or become overwhelmed by the task of drinking from a cup. It is essential to monitor their fluid intake and offer water throughout the day. You can also provide them with a water bottle with measurement marks to help them keep track of how much they have consumed.
Consult a Speech Therapist
If the person with Alzheimer’s continues to struggle with chewing and swallowing despite these strategies, it may be helpful to consult a speech therapist. They can evaluate the individual’s swallowing abilities and provide exercises and techniques to improve their skills. They may also recommend specific foods or textures that are easier to eat.
Be Patient and Understanding
Caring for a person with Alzheimer’s can be challenging, but it is crucial to remain patient and understanding while helping them with chewing and swallowing. Understand that eating may take longer, and frustrations may arise. Stay calm and offer reassurance, and seek help or respite when needed.
In conclusion, helping a person with Alzheimer’s chew and swallow food requires patience, understanding, and modifications. By creating a calm and comfortable environment, encouraging independence, modifying food, using adaptive devices, monitoring fluid intake, and seeking professional help when needed, mealtimes can become a more manageable and enjoyable experience for both the person with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers. With proper care and support, individuals with Alzheimer’s can continue to maintain a healthy and nutritious diet.
