Alzheimer’s symptoms often get worse during an illness or infection because the body and brain are under extra stress. When someone with Alzheimer’s gets sick, their immune system activates to fight off the infection. This immune response can cause inflammation not only in the body but also in the brain, which can worsen confusion, memory problems, and other cognitive symptoms.
Infections like urinary tract infections or respiratory illnesses are common triggers. These infections may cause pain or discomfort that a person with Alzheimer’s might not be able to clearly express. Instead of showing typical signs of illness, they may become more agitated, confused, or withdrawn. This sudden change is sometimes due to delirium—a state where mental function declines sharply because of an underlying health problem like infection or dehydration.
Delirium can present as restlessness and hallucinations (hyperactive delirium) or as extreme drowsiness and lack of responsiveness (hypoactive delirium). It is important for caregivers and healthcare providers to recognize these changes quickly because treating the underlying infection usually helps improve these symptoms.
Additionally, illnesses often disrupt normal routines such as eating well, sleeping enough, and taking medications properly—all factors that help maintain brain health in Alzheimer’s patients. Poor sleep itself can increase harmful substances in the brain linked to Alzheimer’s progression.
Overall, when a person with Alzheimer’s becomes ill or infected, their already vulnerable brain struggles more due to inflammation and stress on bodily systems. This leads to a noticeable worsening of memory loss, confusion, mood changes like irritability or apathy, and difficulties with daily activities until recovery begins.
