Pseudo tumor brain, also known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension, is a rare condition that causes an increase of pressure inside the skull. This condition mimics the symptoms of a brain tumor, hence the name pseudo tumor brain. It can affect anyone, but it is most commonly seen in overweight women of childbearing age.

The main cause of pseudo tumor brain is still unknown, but it is believed to be related to an imbalance in the production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is a clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord. When there is an excess amount of CSF, it can build up and put pressure on the brain, leading to symptoms similar to those of a brain tumor.

Symptoms of pseudo tumor brain can vary from person to person and can often be mistaken for other conditions. Some common symptoms include severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, double vision, and ringing in the ears. These symptoms can come on suddenly or develop gradually over time. In some cases, people may also experience changes in their vision, such as blurry or distorted vision, blind spots, and difficulty seeing in low light.

Diagnosing pseudo tumor brain can be challenging as it shares symptoms with other conditions. Your doctor will start by conducting a thorough physical exam and reviewing your medical history. They may also perform a neurological exam to check for any abnormalities in your nervous system. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans may also be ordered to rule out any other underlying causes.

One of the key factors in diagnosing pseudo tumor brain is measuring the pressure inside the skull. This is done through a procedure called a lumbar puncture, where a small needle is inserted into the lower back to collect a sample of CSF. The pressure of the CSF can be measured and compared to normal levels to determine if it is elevated.

Treatment for pseudo tumor brain focuses on relieving the pressure in the skull and managing symptoms. In some cases, weight loss may be recommended if the patient is overweight. This can help to reduce the amount of CSF produced by the body. Medications such as diuretics may also be prescribed to help reduce fluid retention and decrease pressure on the brain.

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve pressure on the brain. This can include procedures such as a shunt, which involves placing a thin tube in the skull to drain excess CSF into the abdomen. Another option is an optic nerve sheath fenestration, where a small hole is made in the covering of the optic nerve to relieve pressure on the nerve.

While there is no known cure for pseudo tumor brain, with proper treatment and management, most people can experience significant improvement in their symptoms. It is important to work closely with your doctor to monitor any changes and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

If left untreated, pseudo tumor brain can lead to serious complications, such as permanent vision loss or even blindness. Therefore, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms or have concerns about your health.

In conclusion, pseudo tumor brain is a rare condition that mimics the symptoms of a brain tumor. It is caused by an increase in pressure inside the skull due to an imbalance in the production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid. While it can be challenging to diagnose, with proper treatment and management, most people can experience relief from their symptoms. If you experience any symptoms related to pseudo tumor brain, it is essential to seek medical attention to prevent any potential complications.