Involuntary movements in cerebral palsy (CP) refer to motions that occur without the person’s control, often disrupting normal motor function and coordination. These movements are a hallmark of certain types of CP, particularly dyskinetic (also called athetoid) cerebral palsy, and…

Chorea affects children with cerebral palsy by causing **involuntary, irregular, and unpredictable movements** that complicate their motor control and daily functioning. In cerebral palsy (CP), chorea is often part of a subtype called **choreoathetoid cerebral palsy**, which combines features of…

Dystonia in cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause slow, twisting, repetitive movements and abnormal postures. It is a subtype of dyskinetic cerebral palsy, which primarily affects muscle control and coordination. In…

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have stiff muscles primarily due to a neurological condition called **spasticity**, which is characterized by increased muscle tone or hypertonia. This stiffness arises because the brain injury that causes CP disrupts the normal signals…

Cerebral palsy (CP) profoundly affects reflexes due to its impact on the brain areas responsible for motor control and muscle coordination. Reflexes are automatic, involuntary responses to stimuli, and in CP, these reflexes can be abnormal—either exaggerated, diminished, or persistently…

Early feeding problems linked to cerebral palsy (CP) primarily involve difficulties with chewing, swallowing, and safe ingestion of food and liquids. These issues arise because CP is a neurological disorder that affects muscle control, coordination, and reflexes, including those necessary…

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience **delayed speech development**, which is a common and significant aspect of the condition. This delay arises primarily because CP affects the brain areas responsible for motor control, including those that govern the muscles…

**Asymmetric crawling** in the context of **cerebral palsy (CP)** refers to a pattern of crawling where a child uses one side of their body differently or less effectively than the other, often favoring one arm or leg. This is a…

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder caused by a non-progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs during early brain development, often before, during, or shortly after birth. This brain injury affects the parts of the brain responsible for controlling…

Hemiplegic cerebral palsy is a type of cerebral palsy (CP) that affects movement and muscle control on **one side of the body**, typically involving one arm and one leg on the same side. It is a permanent neurological disorder caused…