Memantine is a medication used to help people with moderate to severe dementia, especially when caused by Alzheimer’s disease. It works differently from some other dementia drugs by targeting a brain chemical called glutamate. Glutamate is important for learning and memory, but too much of it can harm nerve cells in the brain. Memantine helps balance glutamate levels by blocking certain receptors (called NMDA receptors) that glutamate binds to, which protects brain cells from damage[1][4].
People with moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease may benefit from memantine because it can improve thinking skills, behavior, and daily functioning. However, it’s important to understand that memantine does not cure Alzheimer’s or stop the disease from progressing; instead, it can slow down some symptoms for a time[2][4].
Memantine is usually taken once a day as an oral tablet or capsule. Doctors often start patients on a low dose and gradually increase it over several weeks until reaching the full dose of 20 mg per day[5]. Sometimes memantine is prescribed alongside another type of dementia drug called cholinesterase inhibitors, which work in different ways to support memory and judgment.
Like all medications, memantine can cause side effects. Common ones include dizziness, headache, confusion, and agitation[3][5]. Most side effects are mild and manageable but if serious symptoms like sudden confusion or severe headaches occur, medical advice should be sought immediately.
In summary:
– Memantine helps protect brain cells by regulating glutamate activity.
– It’s used mainly for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s-related dementia.
– It may improve cognition and daily life activities but does not cure the disease.
– Taken once daily with doses increased slowly under doctor supervision.
– Side effects exist but are generally mild; serious issues require prompt attention.
For those caring for someone with dementia or living with it themselves, memantine offers an option that might ease symptoms during later stages of the illness while maintaining quality of life as much as possible[4][5]. Always consult healthcare professionals about whether this treatment fits your specific needs.
