Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is treated through a combination of approaches tailored to each individual’s needs, primarily involving psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. **Psychotherapy** is often the first line of treatment for GAD, with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) being the…
Major depressive disorder (MDD) arises from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and environmental factors rather than a single cause. It is a mental health condition marked by persistent sadness or loss of interest that significantly disrupts daily life. Biologically,…
Bipolar disorder profoundly affects daily life by causing extreme and often unpredictable shifts in mood, energy, thinking, and behavior. These mood swings cycle between episodes of mania or hypomania—periods of elevated mood, increased activity, and sometimes impulsive or risky behavior—and…
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder that typically unfolds in several distinct stages, each characterized by different symptoms and changes in behavior. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing the illness early and managing it effectively. The very first stage is…
Epilepsy is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Controlling epilepsy with medication involves using anti-seizure drugs, also called anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), which help regulate this electrical activity to prevent or reduce…
Lewy body dementia (LBD) is a complex brain disorder that affects thinking, movement, behavior, and mood. It is caused by abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies that build up inside nerve cells in the brain. These deposits disrupt normal brain…
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to changes in behavior, personality, language, and movement. Treating FTD is challenging because, as of now, there is no cure…
Vascular dementia is caused by problems that reduce or block blood flow to the brain, leading to damage of brain cells. This damage occurs because the brain depends on a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients carried by the blood,…
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal brain disorder that profoundly damages the brain by causing rapid and severe neurodegeneration. It belongs to a group of diseases called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, which are characterized by the brain tissue developing a…
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons—the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement. As these neurons deteriorate and die, patients experience muscle weakness, loss of coordination,…