Asbestosis is a chronic lung disease caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers, which leads to scarring and stiffening of lung tissue. The primary cause of asbestosis is prolonged exposure to airborne asbestos fibers, which are microscopic, needle-like mineral particles…
Pneumoconiosis is a category of lung diseases that result from the inhalation of dust particles. These diseases can vary significantly depending on the type of dust inhaled and the duration of exposure. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pneumoconiosis is…
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a lung condition caused by an immune system reaction to inhaled substances, often environmental agents, that the body mistakenly identifies as harmful. When a person breathes in these substances repeatedly or in large amounts, their lungs…
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by permanent widening and damage of the airways (bronchi), which leads to impaired clearance of mucus and recurrent infections. This ongoing cycle of infection and inflammation causes progressive lung damage and a range…
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in a specific gene called the CFTR gene, which stands for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. This gene is responsible for producing a protein that controls the movement of salt and water in and…
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs and liver, leading to a variety of symptoms that can range from mild to severe depending on the organs involved and the stage of the disease. Understanding…
Hemochromatosis is a condition where the body absorbs and stores too much iron, leading to iron overload that can damage organs like the liver, heart, and pancreas. Treating hemochromatosis focuses on reducing the excess iron in the body to prevent…
Wilson’s disease is caused by mutations in a specific gene called ATP7B, which plays a crucial role in the body’s ability to manage copper. Normally, copper is an essential trace mineral that the body needs in small amounts for various…
Alport syndrome is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the kidneys, ears, and eyes. It is caused by mutations in genes responsible for producing type IV collagen, an essential protein that helps maintain the structure and function of the basement…
Barth syndrome is caused by mutations in a gene called **TAFAZZIN**, which is located on the X chromosome. This gene provides instructions for making a protein named tafazzin, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of…