Decompression sickness (DCS), often known as “the bends,” occurs when dissolved inert gases, primarily nitrogen, form bubbles in the body due to rapid reduction in pressure, such as when a diver ascends too quickly. These bubbles can cause a wide…
## What Causes Mountain Sickness? Mountain sickness, often called altitude sickness or acute mountain sickness (AMS), is a common problem for people who travel to high places, especially if they go up quickly. It happens because the air gets thinner…
High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when fluid accumulates in the lungs due to rapid exposure to high altitudes, typically above 8,000 feet (about 2,400 meters). Recognizing the signs of HAPE early…
Pulmonary edema happens when fluid builds up abnormally in the lungs, specifically in the tiny air sacs called alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. This excess fluid makes it hard for oxygen to get into the blood and…
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a complex lung condition caused by an immune reaction to inhaled environmental antigens, leading to inflammation and sometimes fibrosis (scarring) of the lung tissue. Treating HP involves several strategies aimed at reducing inflammation, preventing further exposure…
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by a wide range of direct and indirect injuries that lead to severe inflammation and damage in the lungs. The core problem in ARDS is the disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier, which normally…
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a serious condition that primarily affects newborns, especially those born prematurely, but can also occur in adults under certain circumstances. It happens when the lungs cannot provide enough oxygen to the body due to problems…
Bronchiolitis in children is primarily caused by viral infections that lead to inflammation and swelling of the small airways in the lungs, called bronchioles. The most common culprit is the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), which is responsible for the majority…
Bronchiolitis obliterans is a serious lung condition characterized by inflammation and scarring that narrows the small airways (bronchioles), leading to progressive and often irreversible airflow obstruction. The complications arising from this disease are numerous and can severely impact a person’s…
Alveolitis, also known as interstitial alveolitis or alveolar inflammation, refers to inflammation of the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. This inflammation can disrupt normal lung function and lead to symptoms…