Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a condition where the blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs becomes abnormally high without an identifiable cause. This means that despite thorough medical evaluation, doctors cannot…
Pulmonary hypertension is a serious condition where the blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs becomes abnormally high. This increased pressure causes the heart, especially the right side, to work much harder than…
Tricuspid regurgitation, often called tricuspid insufficiency, is a condition where the tricuspid valve in the heart doesn’t close properly. This allows blood to leak backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium each time the heart beats. To understand…
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is a condition where the aortic valve in the heart does not close properly, causing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. Treating this condition depends on its severity, symptoms, and the underlying…
Aortic stenosis is caused primarily by the narrowing of the aortic valve opening, which restricts blood flow from the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta and onward to the rest of the body. This narrowing happens when the…
Mitral stenosis is a condition where the mitral valve in the heart becomes narrowed, making it harder for blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. This narrowing causes blood to back up into the lungs and…
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) occurs when the leaflets of the mitral valve, which normally open and close tightly to regulate blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, become abnormally loose or floppy. Instead of closing…
## Understanding Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Pulmonary valve stenosis is a heart condition where the pulmonary valve—the gateway between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery—becomes narrowed. This narrowing makes it harder for blood to flow from the heart to the…
Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect that primarily affects the tricuspid valve, which is the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart. The root cause of Ebstein’s anomaly lies in the abnormal development of…
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a condition where there is a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the two lower chambers of the heart, the ventricles. This hole allows blood to pass from the left ventricle to the right…