Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. The causes of PTC are complex and involve a combination of genetic, molecular, environmental, and possibly lifestyle factors that…
Follicular thyroid cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the follicular cells of the thyroid gland, which is located in the lower front part of the neck. These cells produce thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism. This cancer tends…
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare but extremely aggressive form of thyroid cancer that arises from the thyroid gland. It is known for its rapid growth and tendency to spread quickly to other parts of the body. Understanding what…
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a condition where abnormal cells grow inside the lobules of the breast, which are the glands responsible for producing milk. Despite the name, LCIS is not a true cancer but rather a marker indicating…
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive breast condition where abnormal cells are found in the lining of a breast duct but have not spread outside the duct to other tissues. Because it is confined and non-invasive, treatment aims…
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific and aggressive form of breast cancer characterized by the absence of three key receptors: estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). This means that the cancer…
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare but aggressive form of breast cancer that presents with distinct and often rapidly developing signs, which differ from the more common breast cancers that typically form lumps. Recognizing these signs early is crucial…
Paget’s disease of the breast is a rare type of breast cancer that primarily affects the nipple and the surrounding areolar skin. The exact cause of Paget’s disease of the breast is not fully understood, but the most widely accepted…
Bowen’s disease is a type of early skin cancer, specifically squamous cell carcinoma in situ, which means the cancerous cells are confined to the outer layer of the skin and have not yet invaded deeper tissues. The symptoms of Bowen’s…
Mycosis fungoides is a rare type of cancer that primarily affects the skin, but it actually originates from the body’s immune system, specifically involving a type of white blood cell called T-cells. These T-cells normally help protect the body by…