Are There Early Warning Signs of Genetic Dementia?
Dementia is a brain condition that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. Some types of dementia can run in families due to genetic factors. While not everyone with a family history will develop dementia, there are some early warning signs to watch out for, especially in younger people.
Memory problems are often one of the first noticeable signs. This isn’t just occasionally forgetting things, but repeatedly asking the same questions or having trouble remembering recent events while easily recalling things from long ago[1][11].
Changes in behavior or personality can also be an early red flag. A usually calm person might become easily agitated or a social butterfly may start withdrawing from friends and activities they used to enjoy[1][11].
Language difficulties sometimes emerge early on. This could involve struggling to find the right words in conversation or having trouble following complex discussions[11].
Problems with everyday tasks may develop. Things like managing finances, cooking meals, or navigating familiar places can become challenging[11].
Poor judgment or decision-making abilities might decline. This could lead to risky behaviors or falling for scams that the person would have easily avoided before[1].
Mood changes like depression, anxiety, or apathy (lack of interest) can sometimes be early signs, especially if they’re out of character for the person[1].
Vision or spatial problems occasionally occur early. This might involve difficulty judging distances or recognizing objects[11].
For genetic forms of dementia that run in families, these signs often appear earlier – sometimes even in a person’s 30s, 40s, or 50s. This is called early-onset or younger-onset dementia[15].
It’s important to note that having one or two of these signs doesn’t automatically mean a person has dementia. Many other health issues can cause similar symptoms. However, if you notice several of these changes, especially in someone with a family history of dementia, it’s a good idea to talk to a doctor.
Genetic testing can sometimes help determine if a person carries genes linked to dementia risk. Genes like APOE ε4 are associated with higher Alzheimer’s risk, while others like PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP are linked to rare forms of early-onset Alzheimer’s[14].
Remember, even with genetic risk factors, lifestyle choices can play a big role in brain health. Staying physically active, eating a healthy diet, keeping your mind engaged, and managing conditions like high blood pressure can all help reduce dementia risk[14].
If you’re concerned about dementia risk, talk to your doctor. They can help assess your individual situation and provide guidance on monitoring for early signs or reducing risk factors.
