Seniors over 90 are generally offered vaccine schedules that are similar in principle to those recommended for younger seniors, but with important considerations tailored to their unique health status, immune system function, and risk factors. While the core vaccines remain largely the same, the approach to vaccination in this age group often involves more personalized assessment by healthcare providers to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Vaccination for seniors over 90 typically includes protection against influenza, COVID-19, pneumococcal disease, shingles, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis (Tdap), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). These vaccines are recommended because older adults, especially those in their 90s, have weakened immune systems and are more vulnerable to severe complications from infections.
**Influenza vaccine:** Annual flu shots are crucial for seniors over 90, as the flu can lead to serious complications like pneumonia. However, the vaccine given is often a high-dose or adjuvanted version designed to elicit a stronger immune response than the standard flu vaccine. This is because immune responses tend to weaken with age, and these enhanced vaccines help improve protection in the oldest adults.
**COVID-19 vaccine:** Updated COVID-19 boosters are recommended for all adults over 65, including those over 90. Given their higher risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19, seniors in this age group are encouraged to receive the latest vaccine formulations as they become available. The timing and frequency of boosters may be adjusted based on individual health status and prior vaccination history.
**Pneumococcal vaccines:** Seniors over 90 are usually offered pneumococcal vaccines to protect against pneumonia and other infections caused by pneumococcal bacteria. There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines, and the schedule depends on which vaccines the individual has already received. Doctors carefully consider the timing and number of doses to maximize protection without over-vaccinating.
**Shingles vaccine:** The shingles vaccine is recommended for adults over 50, including those over 90, to prevent shingles and its painful complications. The vaccine is highly effective and generally well-tolerated, but healthcare providers assess each senior’s health before administration.
**Tdap vaccine:** A booster for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis is recommended every 10 years for adults, including those over 90. This vaccine helps protect against diseases that can be particularly dangerous for olde
