When a loved one with dementia forgets how to walk, it signals a serious progression in their condition that affects both their physical abilities and safety. This loss of mobility can happen because dementia impacts the brain areas responsible for movement coordination, balance, and muscle memory. It is common in later stages of dementia, including types like vascular dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies, where motor skills deteriorate alongside cognitive decline[5][2][7].
What happens next involves several important steps to ensure their safety and quality of life. First, professional assessment by physiotherapists and occupational therapists is crucial. Physiotherapy focuses on maintaining muscle strength, balance, and preventing stiffness through gentle exercises and movement training. Occupational therapy helps adapt the home environment to reduce confusion and hazards, using visual cues and removing trip risks to prevent falls[1].
Because dementia affects how the brain processes movement, therapies often emphasize muscle memory and confidence building. Walking alongside the person can help reduce fear and encourage safe movement. Therapists also work on preventing contractures (stiff joints) and the “shuffle” gait that increases fall risk. These interventions aim to keep the person as mobile and independent as possible for as long as they can safely manage[1].
In addition to physical care, emotional support is vital. Loss of walking ability can cause frustration, anxiety, or restlessness in the person with dementia. Sometimes, restlessness or agitation may increase due to the sudden awareness of their limitations or changes in their environment. Addressing these feelings with patience, reassurance, and sometimes sensory stimulation products can help manage distress[3].
Caregivers should also prepare for increased assistance needs. As walking ability declines, the person may require help with daily activities, transfers, and mobility aids like walkers or wheelchairs. Safety audits of the living space become more important to prevent accidents. Regular communication with healthcare providers ensures that any new symptoms or complications are addressed promptly[1][7].
In some cases, the inability to walk may coincide with other symptoms such as speech difficulties, loss of bladder or bowel control, or severe cognitive impairment. These signs indicate advanced dementia stages, where comprehensive care planning, including possible residential care, might be necessary to provide the best support[5][7].
Sources
https://private-physio.co.uk/conditions/dementia-care/
https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/news/spotting-early-signs-that-could-be-dementia-when-should-you-worry/
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/stages-and-symptoms/dementia-symptoms/restlessness
https://www.kauveryhospital.com/blog/neurology/causes-symptoms-treatment-and-stages-of-vascular-dementia/
https://www.aegisliving.com/the-stages-of-caregiving-the-changes-you-will-face-with-dementia-2/
