Compression socks are designed to apply gentle, graduated pressure to the legs, which helps improve blood circulation by supporting the veins and encouraging blood flow back toward the heart. This pressure is strongest at the ankle and gradually decreases up the leg, creating a pressure gradient that assists the natural pumping action of the calf muscles. By compressing superficial veins and lymphatic vessels, these socks help prevent blood from pooling in the lower legs, reducing swelling and discomfort often caused by prolonged standing or sitting[1][4][5].
Improved circulation from compression socks means that oxygen and nutrients are delivered more efficiently to tissues, while metabolic waste products like lactic acid are removed more effectively. This can lead to relief from leg heaviness, fatigue, and pain. Additionally, compression socks support the one-way valves in veins, which helps prevent conditions like varicose veins and reduces the risk of blood clots, especially deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during long periods of immobility such as air travel or desk work[1][2].
Beyond circulation, compression socks also aid lymphatic drainage by applying pressure that encourages lymph fluid to move toward larger lymph vessels. This can reduce swelling and promote a calming effect on the legs, making them feel lighter and less achy[4][5]. The gentle pressure can also provide a soothing sensation, which some people find calming, especially after exercise or long days on their feet.
While compression socks are beneficial for circulation and comfort, they are not a treatment for existing blood clots and should be used as a preventive measure or part of a broader management plan for vascular health[2]. Clinical evidence supports their use for improving vascular efficiency and reducing symptoms related to poor circulation, but some studies show mixed results regarding their effectiveness in preventing certain post-thrombotic complications[7].
Sources
https://wetreatfeetpodiatry.com/guide-to-compression-socks-benefits
https://docmillersports.com/blogs/articles/can-compression-socks-dislodge-a-clot
https://vimvigr.com/blogs/our-blog/compression-for-lymphatic-drainage
https://www.discovermagazine.com/how-do-compression-socks-offer-pain-relief-and-comfort-for-everyday-wearers-48199
https://www.droracle.ai/articles/482744/what-is-the-role-of-compression-stockings-in-the
