What should you do if a person with dementia becomes physically aggressive
When a person with dementia becomes physically aggressive, it can be very upsetting and challenging. However, understanding why this happens and knowing how to respond calmly can help keep everyone safe and reduce the aggression.
**Why Does Aggression Happen?**
Aggression in dementia is not about being difficult or mean on purpose. It usually means the person is feeling scared, confused, uncomfortable, or overwhelmed but cannot express it with words. Some common reasons include:
– Pain or physical discomfort like infections or joint pain
– Feeling lost or unsure about where they are or who you are
– Being frightened by loud noises, too many people, or changes in routine
– Frustration from tasks that used to be easy but now feel hard
Recognizing these causes helps us respond better instead of reacting with frustration[3][5].
**What Should You Do If They Become Physically Aggressive?**
1. **Stay Calm and Safe**
Keep your voice soft and steady. Avoid sudden movements that might startle them further. Make sure you have space to move away if needed without cornering them[3][5].
2. **Don’t Take It Personally**
Remember their aggression is a symptom of dementia—not a personal attack on you[3].
3. **Try to Identify Triggers**
Look around for things that might have caused distress—noise levels, hunger, tiredness—or if they are in pain[2][3]. Removing triggers can prevent escalation.
4. **Use Simple Words and Gentle Touches**
Speak slowly using short sentences; explain what you’re doing step-by-step if helping them with care tasks like bathing or dressing[4]. A gentle touch on the arm may reassure them but only if they seem comfortable.
5. **Redirect Their Attention**
Sometimes offering a favorite activity like listening to music, looking at photos, or going for a walk can calm agitation down[2][5].
6. **Make the Environment Safe**
Remove sharp objects and anything that could cause harm during an aggressive episode so no one gets hurt accidentally[5].
7. **Seek Help When Needed**
If aggression happens often or becomes dangerous despite your efforts, talk to healthcare professionals who specialize in dementia care for advice tailored to your situation[3].
Aggression is tough but remember: it’s usually their way of communicating distress when words fail them. Responding with patience and understanding helps both of you through these difficult moments safely.
By staying calm, looking for causes behind the behavior, keeping everyone safe physically and emotionally—and seeking support—you can manage physical aggression in someone with dementia more effectively while preserving dignity for all involved.[3][5]
