What are the Risks of Metformin?

Metformin is a widely used medication for managing type 2 diabetes. It helps control blood sugar levels by reducing glucose production in the liver and increasing insulin sensitivity. However, like any medication, metformin comes with potential risks and side effects that users should be aware of.

One of the most serious risks associated with metformin is **lactic acidosis**. This is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition where the body produces too much lactic acid. It can occur if there is an accumulation of metformin in the body, often due to kidney problems or other serious health issues. Symptoms of lactic acidosis include stomach discomfort, diarrhea, fast or shallow breathing, muscle pain, and unusual tiredness or weakness. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to seek medical help immediately.

Another common side effect of metformin is **gastrointestinal issues**. Many people experience diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or stomach upset when they first start taking the medication. These symptoms often improve over time, but if they persist or worsen, you should consult your doctor.

Metformin can also affect **vitamin B12 levels**. Long-term use may lead to a decrease in vitamin B12, which is important for nerve function and the production of red blood cells. Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels is recommended for people taking metformin over an extended period.

In addition to these risks, metformin may not be suitable for everyone. It is generally not recommended for people with severe kidney disease or those who are at risk of developing lactic acidosis. Your doctor will assess your health status before prescribing metformin to ensure it is safe for you.

Overall, while metformin is effective in managing diabetes, it’s important to be aware of its potential risks and side effects. If you have any concerns or experience unusual symptoms, always consult with your healthcare provider.