The new wave of aging biomarkers
The new wave of aging biomarkers is transforming how scientists understand and measure the aging process. Unlike traditional methods that simply look at chronological age, these biomarkers aim to capture biological age—the true state of health and function inside our bodies.
One exciting development is the creation of blood-based proteomic scores. Researchers have identified specific proteins in the blood that collectively reveal how well a person’s body is aging. For example, a recently developed Healthspan Proteomic Score (HPS) uses data from tens of thousands of people to predict not just lifespan but healthspan—the number of years lived in good health without chronic diseases like heart failure, diabetes, dementia, or stroke. This score can detect early biological changes before symptoms appear and may guide interventions to promote healthier aging.
Scientists are also learning that certain blood markers related to metabolism, inflammation, kidney function, and nutrition play crucial roles in longevity. Studies tracking people over decades show that those who live longer tend to maintain balanced levels of glucose (blood sugar), cholesterol, creatinine (a kidney function marker), and other substances throughout their lives. These markers don’t just reflect current health; they might actually influence how quickly or slowly someone ages biologically.
Interestingly, some molecules once thought promising as aging biomarkers have been ruled out after further research. Taurine—a compound found in many foods—was recently shown not to be a reliable indicator for measuring biological age despite earlier hopes.
Overall, this new generation of biomarkers offers a more dynamic picture by combining multiple indicators rather than relying on single snapshots taken at one moment in time. Longitudinal studies following individuals over many years are key because they help distinguish whether certain biomarker levels cause slower aging or simply result from it.
By focusing on these complex patterns within our biology instead of just counting birthdays, researchers hope to unlock ways to extend healthy years rather than merely prolong life itself—shifting attention from lifespan toward truly living better as we grow older.
