The Basics of Parkinson’s: Signs, Symptoms, and Causes
Parkinson’s disease is a brain disorder that affects movement. It usually starts slowly and gets worse over time. Here’s what you need to know about the basics of Parkinson’s:
Signs and Symptoms:
The main signs of Parkinson’s are tremors, stiffness, and slow movement. Tremors often start in the hand or fingers, even when they’re relaxed. People may notice their movements becoming slower, making simple tasks harder. Muscles can become stiff, limiting range of motion and causing pain.
Other common symptoms include:
• Balance problems and falls
• A shuffling walk with small steps
• Changes in speech, like talking softly or quickly
• Writing becoming small and cramped
• Loss of automatic movements like blinking or smiling
• Constipation
• Sleep problems
• Depression or anxiety
Some early signs can appear years before movement problems. These include:
• Decreased sense of smell
• Constipation
• Acting out dreams during sleep
• Changes in handwriting
Causes:
The exact cause of Parkinson’s isn’t known, but several factors play a role:
• Loss of brain cells: Parkinson’s happens when certain nerve cells in the brain break down or die. These cells produce a chemical called dopamine, which helps control movement.
• Genes: Some gene mutations can increase the risk of Parkinson’s, especially in early-onset cases.
• Environmental triggers: Exposure to certain toxins or environmental factors may increase the risk, but the link isn’t clear.
• Age: Parkinson’s usually begins around age 60 or older, though it can start earlier.
• Gender: Men are more likely to develop Parkinson’s than women.
While there’s no cure for Parkinson’s yet, treatments can help manage symptoms. These include medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes like exercise. Early diagnosis is important for better management of the disease.
Remember, Parkinson’s affects each person differently. If you notice any persistent symptoms, it’s best to talk to a doctor for proper evaluation and care.
