Recognizing the early symptoms of frontotemporal dementia

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a type of dementia that usually starts earlier in life than other dementias, often between the ages of 45 and 65. It affects parts of the brain called the frontal and temporal lobes, which control behavior, personality, and language. Recognizing its early symptoms can be tricky because they often look like changes in mood or personality rather than memory problems.

One of the first signs people notice is a **change in behavior or personality**. Someone with FTD might become unusually impulsive or socially inappropriate—making rude jokes, acting childish, or showing poor judgment like careless driving or excessive spending. They may lose their usual empathy and seem indifferent to family members or close friends. Some develop compulsive habits such as repetitive movements, hoarding items, overeating certain foods, or sticking rigidly to routines.

Unlike Alzheimer’s disease where memory loss is an early symptom, people with frontotemporal dementia may have relatively normal memory at first. Instead, they might struggle with **language difficulties**, such as trouble finding words during conversations or speaking less fluently. This can make communication frustrating for both them and those around them.

Another key feature involves problems with **planning and decision-making** due to changes in executive functions controlled by the frontal lobe. This means everyday tasks that require organizing steps—like managing money or cooking a meal—can become challenging even though their thinking skills might seem okay initially.

Early on, anxiety and depression are common but can mask these other symptoms making diagnosis difficult at first. Over time though, these behavioral changes become more obvious and persistent.

In summary:

– Early signs include subtle but progressive shifts in behavior: disinhibition (acting without restraint), apathy (lack of interest), loss of empathy.
– Compulsive behaviors like repetitive actions or hoarding.
– Language problems such as difficulty speaking clearly or understanding words.
– Challenges with planning tasks and making decisions.
– Memory may remain intact initially unlike other dementias.

Recognizing these early symptoms helps families seek medical advice sooner so proper support can begin before more severe difficulties develop.