Group therapy can be an effective intervention for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, particularly when it incorporates specific psychosocial approaches such as reminiscence therapy and cognitive stimulation. Research indicates that group-based therapies can improve cognitive function, reduce depression, enhance quality of life, and promote social engagement among people living with Alzheimer’s and related dementias.
One of the most studied group interventions is reminiscence therapy (RT). This therapy involves participants sharing and reflecting on personal memories, often prompted by photographs, music, or familiar objects. RT has been shown to have a moderate positive effect on cognitive function and a significant reduction in depressive symptoms in seniors with cognitive impairment, including those with Alzheimer’s disease. It also fosters social interaction and emotional well-being by reinforcing identity and reducing feelings of loneliness. Importantly, RT is considered safe and suitable for diverse settings such as care homes and community centers, making it a practical and non-invasive option for many patients [2].
Another group-based approach with strong evidence is cognitive stimulation therapy (CST). CST involves engaging participants in themed activities designed to stimulate thinking, concentration, and memory. A systematic review and network meta-analysis found that among group interventions, reminiscence therapy showed the highest probability of cognitive improvement (77.3%), followed by CST and music therapy, both of which outperformed other active interventions. This suggests that group therapies that actively engage cognitive processes can slow cognitive decline or improve cognitive function in Alzheimer’s patients [1].
Beyond cognitive benefits, group therapy can address behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), such as agitation, depression, and anxiety, which affect over 90% of Alzheimer’s patients. Non-pharmacological interventions, including group therapies, are often recommended as first-line treatments for these symptoms because they are safer and can be tailored to individual needs. For example, personalized activities and caregiver training programs delivered in group formats have shown effectiveness in managing BPSD and improving patient outcomes without the risks associated with psychotropic medications [3].
Group therapy also plays a critical role in supporting caregivers, who experience high levels of stress and depression. Interventions that include caregivers in group sessions or provide them with coping strategies have demonstrated reductions in caregiver anxiety and depression, which indirectly benefits the person with Alzheimer’s by improving the caregiving environment. Some studies have found these interventions to be cost-effective, providing good value for healthcare systems while improving quality of life for both patients and caregivers [4].
The multidisciplinary team approach to dementia care often incorporates group therapy as part of a comprehensive treatment plan. This collaborative model, involving medical professionals, therapists, social workers, and caregivers, has been shown to reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization, lower caregiver stress, and improve patient outcomes. Group therapy fits well within this framework by addressing psychosocial needs and enhancing social support networks for patients [5][6].
In summary, group therapy for Alzheimer’s disease is effective when it includes evidence-based psychosocial interventions such as reminiscence therapy and cognitive stimulation. These therapies improve cognitive function, reduce depression, enhance social engagement, and support caregivers. They are safe, adaptable to various care settings, and complement pharmacological treatments and multidisciplinary care approaches.
Sources:
[1] ASHA Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
[2] The Supportive Care Blog on Reminiscence Therapy
[3] The Lancet Alzheimer’s Treatment Roadmap
[4] BMC Health Services Research on Coping Interventions
[5] Norton Healthcare Provider on Multidisciplinary Dementia Care
[6] SAGE Journals on Alzheimer’s Disease Research Group
