Tap water is something most of us use every day without a second thought. But for people with Alzheimer’s disease, or those caring for someone with Alzheimer’s, even everyday things like drinking water can raise questions about safety. This article will look at what makes tap water safe or unsafe for people with Alzheimer’s, what science says about possible risks, and what steps can be taken to make sure water is as safe as possible.
## What Is Alzheimer’s Disease?
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia, a condition that affects memory, thinking, and behavior[3]. Over time, people with Alzheimer’s lose the ability to care for themselves, including making decisions about food and drink. This makes it especially important to understand what’s in their water and how it might affect their health.
## What’s in Tap Water?
Tap water in most developed countries is treated to remove harmful bacteria and chemicals. However, it can still contain small amounts of substances like lead, chlorine, pesticides, and even tiny plastic particles called microplastics. The safety of tap water depends on where you live, how old your pipes are, and how well your local water system is maintained.
## Microplastics and Alzheimer’s: Is There a Link?
One of the newest concerns is microplastics—tiny pieces of plastic that come from the breakdown of larger plastics or are made small on purpose. A recent study found that mice exposed to microplastics in their drinking water showed changes in behavior similar to those seen in people with dementia[1]. The plastic particles were able to cross the blood-brain barrier, a protective layer that usually keeps harmful substances out of the brain, and caused inflammation in brain tissue[1]. Mice with a gene called APOE4, which is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s in humans, were especially affected[1].
While this study was done in mice, not humans, it raises important questions about whether microplastics in tap water could be a risk for people with Alzheimer’s. More research is needed to know for sure, but the possibility is concerning.
## Other Contaminants in Tap Water
Besides microplastics, tap water can contain other substances that might affect brain health:
– **Lead**: Old pipes can leach lead into water. Lead is toxic to the brain and can make cognitive problems worse.
– **Chlorine**: Used to kill bacteria, but high levels can be harmful.
– **Pesticides and herbicides**: Chemicals like glyphosate have been found to cause changes in brain tissue, even at low levels[6].
– **Bacteria and viruses**: In places with poor water treatment, these can cause infections that may be harder for someone with Alzheimer’s to fight off.
## How Does Alzheimer’s Affect Hydration?
People with Alzheimer’s often forget to drink enough water, which can lead to dehydration. Dehydration can make confusion and memory problems worse. Caregivers need to make sure their loved ones are drinking enough, but also that the water is safe.
## What Can Be Done to Make Tap Water Safer?
There are steps you can take to reduce risks from tap water:
– **Use a water filter**: Filters can remove many contaminants, including some microplastics, lead, and chlorine. Look for filters certified to remove specific contaminants.
– **Test your water**: Local health departments or private labs can test your water for lead, bacteria, and other problems.
– **Replace old pipes**: If your home has old plumbing, consider replacing pipes to reduce the risk of lead exposure.
– **Stay informed**: Check your local water quality report, which is usually available online from your water provider.
## Are There Any Benefits to Tap Water for People With Alzheimer’s?
Tap water is a good source of hydration, which is essential for everyone, including people with Alzheimer’s. Staying hydrated helps the brain work as well as possible. In most places, tap water is safe for drinking, cooking, and bathing when proper precautions are taken.
## What Do Experts Say?
There is no clear evidence that tap water causes Alzheimer’s disease. However, contaminants like microplastics and lead could potentially make cognitive problems worse, especially in people who are already at risk[1]. More research is needed to understand these risks fully.
For now, the best approach is to be aware of what’s in your water, use filters if needed, and make sure people with Alzheimer’s are drinking enough fluids. If you have concerns about your water, talk to your doctor or a local health expert.
## Final Thoughts
Tap water is generally safe for people with Alzheimer’s, but it’s important to be aware of possible contaminants like microplastics, lead, and pesticides[1][6]. Using a water filter and testing your water can help reduce risks. Staying hydrated is crucial for brain health, so make sure your loved one with Alzheimer’s is drinking enough—and that their water is as clean as possible.
[1] [2] [3] [6]
