What are the latest advances in treating age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss, especially in older adults. It affects the macula, the part of the eye responsible for sharp central vision. There are two main types: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD progresses slowly and can lead to geographic atrophy, while wet AMD causes rapid vision loss due to abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina.
**Recent Advances in Wet AMD Treatment**
One of the most exciting recent developments is a new treatment called CLS-AX (axitinib injectable suspension). This medication is delivered through a special injection into an area near the back of the eye called the suprachoroidal space. At a major eye research meeting in 2025, Dr. Robert C. Wang presented results showing that CLS-AX could reduce how often patients need injections by 84% compared to current treatments[1]. Most patients who received this therapy went six months without needing another treatment, and their vision remained stable over nine months[1]. The treatment was also well tolerated with no serious side effects reported so far[1].
Another promising approach is gene therapy using RGX-314 (also known as ABBV-RGX-314). This one-time gene therapy aims to provide long-term relief from wet AMD by delivering genes that help control abnormal blood vessel growth directly into retinal cells[3][5]. If successful, this could mean fewer or even no more injections for patients.
Researchers are also working on new ways to deliver anti-VEGF drugs—medications that block proteins causing abnormal blood vessels—using microspheres and hydrogels developed at Stevens Institute of Technology with several universities[2]. These methods could allow medicine to be released slowly over time inside the eye, reducing how often people need painful injections.
**Advances for Dry AMD**
For dry AMD—especially when it leads to geographic atrophy—scientists are testing stem cell therapies like ASP7317[5]. These therapies involve injecting human stem cells under the macula in hopes they will replace damaged retinal cells and restore some lost vision. Early studies are checking safety and whether these treatments can actually improve eyesight for people with advanced dry AMD.
**Why These Advances Matter**
Current treatments require frequent visits and uncomfortable injections into the eye every few weeks or months—sometimes for years on end[2]. Newer options aim not only at better outcomes but also at making life easier by cutting down on doctor visits while keeping eyes healthy longer.
In summary:
– **CLS-AX:** Fewer injections needed; stable vision; safe so far.
– **Gene Therapy (RGX-314):** One-time treatment possibility.
– **Microsphere/Hydrogel Delivery:** Slower release means less frequent shots.
– **Stem Cell Therapy (ASP7317):** Potential hope for restoring lost sight from dry forms.
These advances bring real hope toward preserving independence longer as we age!
