How to prevent “smearing” behaviors in dementia with simple changes

Smearing behaviors, such as fecal smearing, can be distressing and challenging for caregivers of people with dementia. These behaviors often arise from confusion, discomfort, or unmet needs. Fortunately, simple changes in daily care and environment can help prevent or reduce smearing.

**Understanding Why Smearing Happens**

People with dementia may smear because they are trying to communicate something they cannot express verbally—like pain, constipation, boredom, or anxiety. Sometimes it’s a sensory exploration due to cognitive decline. Recognizing the underlying cause is the first step toward prevention.

**Simple Changes to Prevent Smearing**

– **Maintain Good Hygiene and Skin Care:** Regularly check and clean the person’s skin gently but thoroughly after toileting to reduce irritation that might trigger smearing[3].

– **Manage Constipation:** Ensure a balanced diet rich in fiber and adequate hydration to prevent constipation or discomfort that could lead to smearing[3].

– **Provide Meaningful Activities:** Engage the person in simple tasks like folding clothes or handling soft objects. This can redirect their need for tactile stimulation away from smearing behaviors.

– **Create a Calm Environment:** Reduce noise and distractions during toileting times so the person feels safe and focused on hygiene routines[1].

– **Use Clear Communication:** Use gentle verbal cues or visual prompts during bathroom routines to guide actions calmly without causing frustration.

– **Monitor Triggers:** Keep track of when smearing occurs—time of day, activities before it happens—to identify patterns you can address proactively[1].

**Additional Tips**

Some caregivers find that using gloves discreetly during care helps maintain dignity while managing messes safely[3]. Also, consulting healthcare providers about possible remedies like homeopathic options may offer relief but should be done carefully under professional advice.

By making these straightforward adjustments—focusing on comfort, engagement, clear communication, and environment—you can significantly reduce smearing behaviors in dementia patients while improving their quality of life as well as easing caregiver stress.